Thursday, 30 August 2018
Louise De Keroualle Part II
Louise kept her virtue for a time until she was sure that she had fascinated Charles and that
he had very strong feelings for her. Then she let Charles seduce her, possibly after a “mock marriage”. Her son by him was born in 1672, Charles Lennox, later Duke of Richmond. Louise got a lot of support from the French ambassador as she was seen as Charles’s chief mistress and having influence over him. The French King and Ambassador hoped to use her to promote French interests with Charles now that Minette was dead. Charles persuaded Louis XIV to grant her a French title, Duchesse D’Aubigny… in 1673.
Louise does not come across as very likable. Barbara Castlemaine was not a particularly lovable woman, either… She was greedy, had a violent temper and was arrogant and unpleasant. However, she had more personality than “Weeping Willow’ Louise. Louise was a very cool self-regarding woman. Charles loved her, but her feelings towards him were probably simply gratitude for his generosity...She was loyal to French interests, and keen to amass a fortune. She had a strong hold over her royal lover, in spite of her unpopularity in England as a whole. Nell Gwynne mocked her; the people saw her as a French spy and whore… She had some protection from Catherine of Braganza, who was grateful to her for her being polite and showing her some respect. She survived the Popish Plot, and maintained her hold on Charles’ affections. When he was dying, however she was not allowed to go to him… but she worked behind the scenes to get a priest to come to him so that he could at last declare himself a Catholic.
Charles said that he died loving her -and she was in his thoughts at the end, though he did also ask his brother to make sure that his other mistress, “Poor Nelly” did not starve. James II ensured she had her pension, but Louise had no real protection in England and returned to France. She visited England only once or twice, turning up for the coronation of George I. She lost her money from Charles after the 1688 Revolution. She did however receive a pension from the King of France…. and died there in 1734…
Monday, 27 August 2018
Louise De Keroualle Royal Mistress Part I
Louise de Keroualle was one of Charles II’s most famous mistresses. At the end of his life, he
was involved still with Nell Gwynne, who had been his lover for some years. He was still friendly with old mistresses like Barbara Castlemaine and Hortense Mazarin and he was probably involved with other occasional women but Louise was the one he deeply loved.
However, she was not liked in England, because of her Catholicism, her being French and the suspicion that she was a French spy.
She certainly was involved in pushing Charles to favour French interests, and acted as a conduit between him and the French King. Nell mocked Louise, being sharp tongued and witty, calling her “Squintabella” (she had a slight squint) and the “Weeping Willow”, because Louise acted in a “little girlish” way at times and tried to get her way with fits of tears. Louise was haughty and not very likable, and she disliked the actress because of her low origins and her skill at repartee. Nell was popular with the London people, as one of their own. Louise was higher born and better educated but she lacked Nell's quick wit.
She was born in 1649 in Brittany to a noble family, and got a post as a lady in waiting to Henrietta Anne, Duchess of Orleans, Charles’ beloved sister whom he called Minette. When Henrietta paid a visit to England, to negotiate a secret treaty between Louis and Charles, Louise was part of her entourage. Charles was attracted to her and is reputed to have asked Minette to let her stay with him but she refused. Louise was very young and she was responsible for her. After his sister’s death however, Charles got his wish, and Louise came to court as lady in waiting to Queen Catherine.
Unlike Barbara Castlemaine, she was polite and respectful to her mistress and Catherine was pleased to have her at court, since both were Catholics. The French were pleased to see that a French Catholic had attracted Charles’ interest… They were eager to push her into becoming the King’s mistress. Louise held out for a time, protesting that she was too well born and virtuous
to become anyone’s mistress, even a king's.
Sunday, 26 August 2018
George Strait
George Strait was born in Texas, on a ranch and has remained true to his roots. He is one of the most popular and successful of current country artists, and was a pioneer of the neo
traditionalist style.
He emphasises his connection with the older artists like Hank Williams, Ernest Tubbs, and Kitty Wells etc. and deprecated the trend towards ‘pop country” and the blandness of much of Nashville’s output at times. He usually dresses in the old fashioned “cowboy gear” of earlier country singers.
In 2000, he and Alan Jackson recorded a song called Murder on Music Row, about the murder of traditional country which is the “real thing”… They felt it was being destroyed by the executives in the music business. He grew to love country music as a boy, and played in bands. In 1971, he married his high school sweet-heart Norma. He then did a stint in the Army, but on his discharge in 1975, he went to college to do a degree in agriculture. He retained a connection with the family ranch, but began to play in a country band.
He kept on trying, playing and looking for a recording deal in Nashville… but with no success at first. But in 1981, he recorded his first song and his conservative traditionalist style was noted and liked. In the 80's he began to have some success. One of his best known songs is the wittily titled “All my Exes live In Texas”…
Sunday, 19 August 2018
Kenny Rogers.. the Gambler
Kenny Rogers was born in Houston Texas in 1938 and has had a long career, as a singer and musician. A year or so ago, he did his Farewell Tour...I was unable to attend his concerts in the UK….which I regret very much….His family were not very well off. Like many country singers, he showed early talent and played music as a boy. After school, he began to sing with a jazz band. In the early 60s he sang with the folk singing New Christy Minstrels, and ended up in Kenny Rogers and the First Edition, which did a mixture of soft rock, pop and country. This band was very popular in the early 1970s, and Kenny had a big hit with “Ruby Don’t take your Love to Town”, written by Mel Tillis. Kenny’s laid back style and charm sometimes obscures the fact that some of his songs cover very edgy material. “Ruby” is about a wheelchair bound veteran, angrily and sadly begging his wife not to be unfaithful to him. The First Edition began to lose popularity in the mid-70s, but Kenny did not let it stop him working. He married again to a girl from the country show Hee Haw… Kenny’s love life has been turbulent at times... and he has been married several times and had several children. In 1977, he had another massive hit with Lucille which was an immensely popular song, and sold over 4 million copies. Again, it is about a tragic situation... a hard working impoverished farmer trying to persuade his wife to return to him, when she has gone off with another man, because she “finally quit living on dreams…” After that, he teamed up with his good friend, singer Dottie West, for several duets, which were also big sellers, including “Every time 2 fools collide.”
In the early 80s, he duetted with Dolly Parton – one of their songs was Islands in the Stream, and the 2 of them had great chemistry…as singing partners… His other big hits included the Gambler and Coward of the County. He also used the character of the Gambler in 4 TV Movies. He has now had a good deal of fame as an actor, like many singers. Another of his songs that was made into a movie was Coward of the County. Kenny’s interests have extended beyond singing and acting and producing records... He also has a passion for photography, and what was a hobby has also become part of his working life, with the publication of books of his photographs. He has also become a business man, with a chain of fast food restaurants and a line of western type clothing. Now he is 80, with some health problems and is resting on his laurels…
Saturday, 18 August 2018
Eugene de Beauharnais Duke of Leuchtenberg Part II
On Napoleon’s return to France from Egypt, he was determined to divorce his wife for her infidelity. He had hoped that Mme. Pauline Foures might give him a son, during their affair, but she did not become pregnant. Napoleon was uneasy about his lack of children. As an old fashioned “male chauvinist” Corsican and a man with ambitions to rule in France, he hoped for male heirs. And he wanted a family for his own sake… he had eagerly believed Josephine when she told him she was pregnant soon after their wedding.
But the pregnancy proved a mistake or a lie on her part... and since his wife was 6 years his senior, it began to seem unlikely that she would provide him with children. Pauline Foures also did not become pregnant and he remarked that the “little fool didn’t know how to have a child…” a remark that probably betrayed his uneasiness about whether he could father children.
Josephine was aware of his anger, and that he wanted a divorce, and she hoped to charm him back to their marriage. However though she tried to catch him before he met with his relatives, who would press him to get rid of her... she missed him on the road. Eventually she got to Malmaison to find that her husband was refusing to see her. Hortense and Eugene were there and both of them spent hours outside his locked bedroom door, crying and talking and trying to beg him to see Josephine.
Napoleon had grown to love both step children in the years of the marriage and they both cared for him. He found Eugene more loyal and supportive as a step-son than his own brothers often were. Both of the children loved their mother dearly, and wanted to save the marriage. They loved their stepfather. Under their persuasion, he opened the door and let his wife in, to talk.
The following morning, Joseph Bonaparte arrived, gleefully hoping that his brother was now about to throw out his wife and divorce her. To his angry amazement, he found the couple in bed together.
Josephine had saved her marriage, though it was never quite the same. Napoleon still loved her but
not in the wild passionate adoring way that he had done before. He was frequently unfaithful to her… and harsh with her when she complained. However, she remained devoted to him, and to her children…
Eugene benefited from his step father’s patronage in his army career and he was a good soldier. Napoleon remarked that the step children were more loyal and affectionate than his own siblings and that (later when Hortense had married Louis) he would go out of a meeting to see Madame Louis if she asked for him, when he might not do so for his own sisters.
When Napoleon became Emperor, the marriage was under strain again, because in this position, he needed male heirs. He knew by then that Josephine would not give him children, but she pointed out to him that he might not be fertile, since she had had 2 children
However, the marriage survived... and Eugene benefitted by being adopted by the Emperor, made an official member of the Imperial family, and given the job of Viceroy of Italy. He continued to prosper in his military career and in 1806; he married Augusta of Bavaria, a royal wife. The marriage was arranged by Napoleon, but Eugene agreed to it and he and Augusta grew to love each other. They had a happy and stable marriage. They were to have 7 children in all, 5 daughters (one of whom died in infancy) and 2 sons. Eugene was considered a good soldier, and an able administrator, unlike some of Napoleons family who were placed on thrones as subordinate rulers for the Emperor. He was also a cheerful good natured man, and was loved by his mother and was always popular as a visitor to her household. When the couple divorced, he and Hortense were willing to retire into the background, believing that it might be better for their mother to end the marriage. They hated to see her tormenting herself over Napoleon’s infidelities and her fear that she was going to be put aside…. And they felt that their first loyalty must be to their beloved mother. But Napoleon persuaded his stepson and daughter to remain in their positions and to retain a close relationship with him, as well as to Josephine. She retained the title of Empress and was given a handsome income, though she still got into debt. Her children remained close to her, but Eugene retained his public roles until the empire finally collapsed. Then in 1817, after his mother’s death and Napoleon’s defeat at Waterloo, Eugene was given the title of Duke of Leuchtenberg, by his father in law, Maximillian of Bavaria and was treated as a member of the family. He and Augusta lived together quietly, until Eugene died at the early age of 42, in 1824. Their children were Josephine, Eugenie, Amelie, Theodolinde and Caroline Clotilde, and the 2 sons Maximilian and Auguste. All of the children, (except Caroline who died as a baby) made marriages into the royal families of Europe. Josephine became Queen of Sweden, and Amelie married the Emperor of Brazil. August married the Queen of Portugal, Maria II but died only 2 months after the wedding. His brother Maximilian married a Russian Grand Duchess. So as the son of 2 French aristocrats, Eugene managed to attain a position where he married a Princess and his children's blood was passed on in many other Royal families....
However, the marriage survived... and Eugene benefitted by being adopted by the Emperor, made an official member of the Imperial family, and given the job of Viceroy of Italy. He continued to prosper in his military career and in 1806; he married Augusta of Bavaria, a royal wife. The marriage was arranged by Napoleon, but Eugene agreed to it and he and Augusta grew to love each other. They had a happy and stable marriage. They were to have 7 children in all, 5 daughters (one of whom died in infancy) and 2 sons. Eugene was considered a good soldier, and an able administrator, unlike some of Napoleons family who were placed on thrones as subordinate rulers for the Emperor. He was also a cheerful good natured man, and was loved by his mother and was always popular as a visitor to her household. When the couple divorced, he and Hortense were willing to retire into the background, believing that it might be better for their mother to end the marriage. They hated to see her tormenting herself over Napoleon’s infidelities and her fear that she was going to be put aside…. And they felt that their first loyalty must be to their beloved mother. But Napoleon persuaded his stepson and daughter to remain in their positions and to retain a close relationship with him, as well as to Josephine. She retained the title of Empress and was given a handsome income, though she still got into debt. Her children remained close to her, but Eugene retained his public roles until the empire finally collapsed. Then in 1817, after his mother’s death and Napoleon’s defeat at Waterloo, Eugene was given the title of Duke of Leuchtenberg, by his father in law, Maximillian of Bavaria and was treated as a member of the family. He and Augusta lived together quietly, until Eugene died at the early age of 42, in 1824. Their children were Josephine, Eugenie, Amelie, Theodolinde and Caroline Clotilde, and the 2 sons Maximilian and Auguste. All of the children, (except Caroline who died as a baby) made marriages into the royal families of Europe. Josephine became Queen of Sweden, and Amelie married the Emperor of Brazil. August married the Queen of Portugal, Maria II but died only 2 months after the wedding. His brother Maximilian married a Russian Grand Duchess. So as the son of 2 French aristocrats, Eugene managed to attain a position where he married a Princess and his children's blood was passed on in many other Royal families....
Sunday, 12 August 2018
Kathleen Winsor Part II
In the 20s and 30s, historical novels had become more popular, among women readers. During the Depression, they were an escape from the dullness and hardship of day to day modern life. Gone with the Wind was especially popular because its heroine was unusually feisty and independent. The book was racist, in many ways, but I think that women readers liked it because Scarlett’s struggle to keep her family home and to survive during a war – was an inspiration to people trying
to survive the Depression.
Publishers were interested in Winsor’s lengthy draft of Forever Amber, because they were hoping for a new Gone with the Wind. However, it needed editing and re writing, and took time to prepare. But they realised that Winsor had produced a best seller. It was published in 1944, and was a runaway success. It was much more “sexy” than the earlier novel, with Amber taking numerous lovers, becoming pregnant by Bruce (who returns to London periodically) while married to another man.
Unlike Scarlett O’Hara, who does work in her own businesses to achieve success, the only job that Amber ever does is acting – which she uses as a way of attracting richer lovers.
Also, the book references abortions and “perversion”, and Amber is often unfaithful to her various husbands. She seduces Philip, the son of her third husband. This husband is an elderly and impoverished Earl, who has come to dislike her. He forcibly removes her from London to his country house. Bored, Amber starts an affair with Philip, and remarks that “adultery isn’t a crime, but an amusement." The old Earl kills his son, for his affair but then is killed himself when a fire breaks out at their house.
This scandalous story aroused plenty of horrified opposition in 1944 America, from the churches and conservative commentators. It was banned in many states as “pornographic”… Of course this only increased sales, as the public were aware that this was a “naughty” book and fun to read. Winsor had done a lot of research. While it was by the standards of the day a raunchy read, she
did create a reasonable accurate picture of Restoration London, its court and its impoverished citizens…She wrote in events like the outbreak of Plague, the Great Fire of London, and the intrigues of Court life…
Winsor’s first marriage broke down, and she then married Artie Shaw, the band leader. Ironically, he had scolded his previous wife, Ava Gardner, for reading such a “trashy” book as Amber… However, her marriage to Shaw didn’t last long, and she ended up marrying her divorce lawyer. She continued to write, but she never achieved the wild success of Forever Amber again. Her next novel was based on her experience of becoming a bestselling novelist. But the public wanted “more Amber”.. and none of her other novels achieved the same success. She had peaked too early.. She made a fourth marriage which was happy and lasted till her husband’s death, and went on with her writing…
Saturday, 11 August 2018
Kathleen Winsor and Forever Amber Part I
Kathleen Winsor - famous as the author of Forever Amber - was born in Minnesota in 1919. Her father was a real estate dealer and she went to college.
She married young, to a football star, Robert Herwig, and during her marriage to him, she worked as a sports reporter for a newspaper. Herwig was at college, and Kathleen, bored one day, picked up one of his books about Restoration England. She became interested in the period, and began to research it. Herwig was soon away at World War II. During that time, Kathleen continued to read about Charles II’s England.. Reputedly, she read over 300 books on the era…though she had never travelled outside the USA.
She had always wanted to write, and during her husband’s absence, she wrote several drafts of the novel Amber.. It was a long book and packed with incident.
She was working on it, soon after the runaway success of Gone with the Wind. Mitchell’s novel was probably an inspiration.. it also had a historical background, was set during torrid times of war and disaster and had a feisty independent glamorous heroine.
Amber is much more scandalous than Scarlett O’Hara...and rises from poverty to affluence and high status, mainly by the use of sex. She becomes eventually the mistress of Charles II. Scarlett, on the other hand, is never very sexual. She does fascinate men, and is willing to flirt to get ahead, but never goes further than that. In fact, she is almost frigid until Rhett forces her to have sex and it excites her.
She makes her way in the world through business smarts, willingness to work hard and being good with handling money. (She does marry three times but the sexual side of the marriages is not important to her).
Amber is the illegitimate daughter of Royalist gentry, but her parents had died. She was fostered by a decent but not very rich farming family. She meets Bruce Carlton, when she is 16. Her beauty attracts Bruce, a Royalist lord who is trying to rebuild his life after the Civil Wars. He seduces her and takes her with him to London, but he dislikes court life and wants to go adventuring abroad…
Amber, however, is fascinated by the world of the rich, and London. Some of the novel was clearly inspired by Moll Flanders, by Defoe. Bruce goes away, leaving her with some money, and leaving her pregnant. She foolishly marries a con man, to get a father for her unborn baby. Her husband cheats her out of the money Bruce left her, and she ends up in jail. She becomes a thief and the mistress of a thief… She becomes an actress and then marries a well to do elderly businessman.
Friday, 3 August 2018
Eugene De Beauharnais
Eugene De Beauharnais was the brother of Hortense (later Queen of Holland) and the stepson of Napoleon I. Born in 1781, he was the only son of Alexandre de Beauharnais, by his wife Marie Josephe Rose Tascher de la Pagerie, a Creole aristocrat. His father was a liberal aristocrat who was sympathetic to the Revolution, but was later executed for military failures…during the Reign of Terror…
Eugene’s parents separated when he was a child. Their marriage was unhappy, and he was given into his father’s custody, while Josephine (then called Rose) had Hortense.
Josephine was a devoted mother, and her children adored her. But she was flighty and extravagant. She and her husband achieved a certain friendly relationship in their last few years, but she was imprisoned and only escaped the guillotine by luck. After her release from prison, she had her two children to support. She became the mistress and hostess for Paul Barras, who was one of the Directorate, which was the ruling council of France.
Josephine wasn't a beauty, but she was elegant and very charming. Napoleon on the other hand was shy and awkward with women. According to some reports, Eugene met Napoleon when there was a directive to hand in weapons, and his father’s sword was to be handed in to the authorities. Eugene, out of loyalty to his father, wanted to keep the sword and Napoleon permitted this Josephine called to thank him and a romance began between her and the General.
The boy soon grew to love his stepfather though Hortense did not like him so much at first. He wanted to be a soldier, so he joined the army and when Napoleon went to Egypt, he served as his aide de camp.
While in Egypt, Napoleon discovered that his wife was having an affair back in Paris with Hippolyte Charles... a Hussar captain. At the time, her feelings for Napoleon had been lukewarm; she had married him for security... while he was passionately in love. When rumours of the affair reached him, Napoleon was enraged and crazy with jealousy. He determined to find a mistress himself, and swore that he would divorce his wife once he returned to Paris. He started an affair with Pauline Foures, a young Frenchwoman who had accompanied her husband to Egypt, and who was bored and flattered by his attentions. Eugene was unhappy about the affair - and protested to his stepfather about having to escort Madame Foures in her drives around town... Napoleon excused him from this duty but he still intended to get a divorce….Eugene was torn between loyalty to his mother, whom he loved dearly, and to his step father.
Sunday, 29 July 2018
Pauline Bonaparte Part IV 1814-1825
Pauline was now over 30 and her brother’s empire was approaching its twilight years. He now had a male heir, but he had over-stretched himself. He was still a military genus, but in invading Russia, he had gone a step too far. His despotic rule over much of Europe had won him enemies, and in Spain, an Anglo Irish general, Arthur Wellesley, was beginning to defeat his marshals who were fighting there. In France, his wars were much less popular than they had once been, because he was now calling up young boys, to feed his army’s need for soldiers. Pauline took little interest in politics, except in terms of supporting her brother. It was almost the only thing that she and Camillo agreed on. Mostly her lovers were artists, she seemed fond of musicians. She was also said to have had an affair with the famous Parisian actor Talma. Napoleon’s retreat from Moscow, and the defeats in Spain were the beginng of the end, and in 1814, he was forced to abdicate. He fled south and met with his sister – who refused to kiss him because he was wearing a foreign uniform, being in fear of his life from the mob. He had become so unpopular with the French people. Pauline’s best qualities were brought out by her brother’s’ fall. He had been generous to his family, albeit dictatorial.. However he had showered gifts and kingdoms on them, yet when the empire collapsed, most of them were mainly involved with saving their own skins. Josephine and her 2 children were more loyal to him than his own siblings were… Pauline and Letizia remained loyal and devoted. They moved to Elba when he was allowed to live there as its sovereign..and tried to comfort him for the loss of his title and powers. Letizia was not displeased by Elban exile.. It was an Island and she had never lost her affection for her native Corsica… Napoleon hoped to have his Austrian wife come and visit him, with their son, but MarieLouise soon lost interest in the husband she had been forced to wed – she began an affair with an Austrian nobleman, Adam von Neipperg. Napoleon relied on his Mother and sister for support and for a time busied himself with making various reforms in Elba. Pauline saw her brother leave the island however in early 1815, for his attempt to win back his empire... but it ended in failure and disaster at Waterloo. She had sold her Paris home, the Hotel de Charost, to the British government, and it was used by the Duke of Wellington. She then moved back to Italy, and devoted much of her time to trying to make Napoleon’s exile to St Helena more bearable. She settled in Rome, under the protection of the Pope, who was clearly fond of her. Her Mother also settled in Rome, and since the Bonaparte clan was banned from living in France, many of them chose to live in Italy. Pauline’s husband Camillo, moved away, to distance himself from her and he began an affair with a cousin of his. Pauline was
still attractive but she was getting older and her health was worse. She had a few affairs, but much of her interest in life was trying to help her brother. She received many English visitors in her home, trying to use her charms to persuade the Whig aristocrats who were travelers in Italy, to make Napoleon’s life in St Helena more comfortable. Many for them had sympathized with his cause
and did not want him to be too harshly treated.
Her mother fell under the influence of a bogus mystic, who told her that Napoleon had escaped from St Helena and that the British were keeping this a secret. As a result, when the old lady
had a chance to send a doctor and a cook to the far away island, she took no interest in whether the doctor was qualified…. because she believed he wasn’t actually there. Pauline fell out with her mother over this issue, and was angry that her brother did not have a good doctor….In 1821,
Napoleon died, far from his family and France. Pauline was broken hearted. She had probably loved him more than anyone else in her life. She was fond of some of her many nieces and nephews
and spent time with them, since she had no children of her own. Gradually, her health got worse….and she began to think about reconciliation with her husband. The Pope persuaded Camillo to return to his wife, in her last months. Camillo was reluctant but he saw the rightness
of leaving his mistress to care for his wife and for her to die reconciled to him… She moved in with him. Their relationship was not unfriendly, and within 3 months Pauline died. She left a reputation as a scandalous but beautiful and charming woman…
Saturday, 28 July 2018
Pauline Bonaparte Part III
Some of Pauline’s lovers were said to be nervous that if they attracted Napoleon’s attention,
they would end up being sent on a military posting. She was seen as attractive, but selfish and shockingly promiscuous. She was often the one who made advances towards men, and that was considered scandalous and unfeminine.
Napoleon tried to get her to settle down as Camillo’s wife and a Roman society hostess,
but Pauline disliked Rome… She increasingly disliked her husband. She was not especially clever, though she had a sharp tongue and common sense. Camillo was indeed a stupid man. She sneered at him, for his lack of intelligence or manly drive. She did have health problems, though she didn’t let them get in the way of her pleasure seeking. Flora Fraser, her biographer, notes that when she was in “spa” mode, she did dedicate herself to a quiet life, seeking rest and recuperation. Fraser also says that it is probable that she had gynecological problems after the birth of her son, when she was very young. This probably left her with pelvic pain… which made her need to rest and not walk very far.. She may have had infections resulting from her sexual encounters… But Pauline was thoughtless and selfish in her treatment of many of her staff, showing an utter lack of concern for their dignity.
Her exploits could be amusing, but she clearly considered that her desire for comfort, must take precedence over any inconvenience she caused to others.
However she loved Napoleon dearly, and was close to him, even though there were at times quarrels between them. Pauline like the rest of the Bonaparte clan was unkindly pleased when Napoleon finally decided that he had to divorce Josephine, to get an heir. She and the family had always hated the charming, beloved sweet natured Empress, who was much more popular with the people than they were. In the period before the divorce, Pauline was especially close to Napoleon at this stage (leading to rumors that he and she were actually lovers).
She provided him with a mistress from one of her ladies, Christine de Mathis.
However, she was ambivalent about Marie Louise, Josephine’s replacement. The new empress was not pretty but very young and fresh and Napoleon was very much attracted to her. Pauline was not taken with her new sister in law, who was a Hapsburg Princess, descended from even grander ancestors than the Creole aristocrat Josephine. So this caused tension again between brother and sister…
Saturday, 21 July 2018
Pauline Bonaparte Part I
Pauline Bonaparte was born in Corsica, in 1780. She was the middle sister of Napoleon and his favorite, who was most loyal to him… Pauline was named Maria Paola, as the family were Italian speaking... and called Paoletta as a child.
Later, she and her siblings used French versions of their names or adopted new names, now that they were living in France. The youngest sister, Annunziata used the name Caroline, and the eldest Maria Anna, was called Elisa. The family moved to France in 1793. They were not well-off. They had been minor gentry, with some property but their wealth had diminished after the death of Carlo, their father. Then the English occupation of Corsica had cut off the income that they had had from their vineyards.
Napoleon studied to join the army. His brother Joseph married Julie Clary, daughter of a wealthy merchant. The daughters were allowed to grow up with minimal education. Later, Elisa would become something of a scholar..but it was generally not felt necessary for Corsican women to be well educated. Pauline was growing into a beauty as a teenager but she was wild and wilful, and highly sexed.
Napoleon had old fashioned ideas about women, and their place and had been scandalised by the freedom that French society women had, running salons, living separate lives to their husbands etc. He too did not see any great need for women to have much education.. to him they were housekeepers and mothers of families….He arranged a marriage for his sister when she was 17, to General Leclerc, who became commander of the French army in Italy.
A year later, she had a son Dermide – a French form of the Irish name Dermot…Napoleon seized power from the corrupt Directorate and made himself First Consul and virtual dictator of France. He was not just an excellent soldier but a highly intelligent administrator and he worked hard at reforming the government. However, he was a dictator who had no intention of giving up his power, and ultimately he was committed to war, since his popularity sprang to an extent from his military victories. In 1801, Napoleon ordered Leclerc to St Dominique, (now Haiti) where the island was in rebellion. He defeated the rebels but the country was ravaged by yellow fever, and the strain of life there, plus the fever, undermined Pauline’s health. There were rumours that she took lovers but it seems unlikely at that time; she was fond of her husband and was also often in poor health…
In 1802, Leclerc caught yellow fever and died. Pauline and her son came home to France with his remains. She was genuinely grieved at the loss of her husband, but she was a young woman. Aged only 23, she began to find the strict code of mourning for widows which was prescribed in Napoleonic France tiresome. She began to long for social life again.
Sunday, 15 July 2018
Rough Music story on Amazon
Rough Music is a “band” story set in the US, in the late 1970s. I wanted to write about this era as I remember it as a kid and I love the music from it. It was a time when country was very exciting, still and when Southern Rock was going strong. It is the story of a country rock band and its 2 lead singers and how they cope with life on the road. It’s not a
conventional love story, but more a life story, about marriage, life in the
music world and life in the later 1970’s. The 2 lead singers are friends, who are starting to find that life on the road is getting harder as they get older and that increasing success is making it difficult for them to decide how far they compromise their desire to write good music, with the demands of success and fame.
Friday, 13 July 2018
Jimmie Rodgers, the “Singing Brakeman
Jimmie Rodgers, the “Singing Brakeman”, was born in the south, in 1897. His family was poor, and his mother died when he was a small child. At the age of 13, his father got him a job on the railway, as a water boy. He met with rail workers and hoboes, some of them African American, and listened to their working songs. There was TB in the family, which had caused his mother’s death, and in time Jimmy found that his health was failing. The strenuous life on the railroads was making him very ill. He gave up the railroad work and became an entertainer again in 1924, organising a travelling road show. He tried railroad work again, but his health was very poor. By 1927, he had a wife and child and he moved to Tennessee, to try his luck with singing again. He recorded a few songs, and began to work at song writing with his sister in law, Elsie McWilliams...who co-wrote many songs with him. His career as a singer and song writer began to blossom, but his TB was not cured.
His constant touring and working made it unlikely that he would ever recover from the illness. He was making good money, enough to buy a house for his wife and family in Texas. By the age of 35, he was getting sicker and had to lie down, in the recording studio, to rest between sessions. He died of a hemorrhage in his hotel. His influence on country music was enormous, rather like Hank Williams, who also died young. Most great country singers acknowledge him, and have covered some of his songs, or tried to imitate his style of yodeling. One of his most famous songs is “In the Jailhouse now”. He also influenced many blues artists…
Story on Amazon
Beds and Blue Jeans is set in present day America. It is about a love affair between a young
couple who drift into living together and having a baby, and how they make things work. It is a realistic story, and not a happy ever after romance. Available on Amazon by Nadine Sutton
Saturday, 30 June 2018
Hortense De Beauharnais Part III
Napoleonic upper class society, like its counterparts in England and generally in Europe, was relatively lenient in matters of sexual conduct.
Napoleon disapproved of this. He had affaires himself, with many different women, but he insisted that Josephine led a blameless life. Coming from a Corsican background, he did not approve of the way that women took part in political life, in Paris, and the way they often led separate lives to their husbands...As a young man, he had been intrigued by the manners of the Parisian elite but later, he put an end to the easy divorce laws of the Republic. His Napoleonic Legal code centred on preserving family life, and women had few rights under it. However, 2 of his 3 sisters were very much involved in politics and were more intelligent and active than their husbands, in ruling their kingdoms. All three took lovers.
Pauline, his favourite sister, was notoriously promiscuous, and she was not interested in politics. Her life was centred on nursing her “ill-health”, taking an interest in the arts and in finding lovers.
Napoleon was fond of Hortense and may have overlooked her affair with De Flahaut, as she had generally been a loyal wife to Louis. He knew that Louis was a difficult and neurotic man. However, Hortense knew she would have to cover up the fact that she had had an illegitimate baby, and could not rear the child herself. Afterwards, her affair with De Flahaut fizzled out and he later married an English heiress, Miss Mercer Elphinstone.
Hortense may have had other romances but it is not clear. She was devoted to her sons and in the last year or two of Napoleon’s empire, she was arguing with Louis about them. She was close to her mother but also managed to get on quite well with Marie Louise. She took little interest in politics but when the Empire fell, she remained loyal to her step-father. Josephine, who was divorced from Napoleon, was not banned from France. She was willing to entertain the foreign conquerors, including the Czar Alexander of Russia. He grew fond of her and acted as a protector to her and Hortense. She accepted this protection as she was trying to keep her children and because as a Bonaparte she would have been persona non grata in France.
Josephine died soon after Napoleon’s fall. Hortense and Eugene were with her and were deeply grieved. Hortense stayed in Paris, to welcome her step father back when he escaped from Elba. She was there to help him when he lost at Waterloo, and surrendered to the British… Her life after Napoleon had gone to St Helena was mainly devoted to her sons.
She had to live in exile...since her actions in supporting her step father on his return to France had allied her with the Bonaparte cause. The French authorities would not permit her to live in France. She remained officially married to Louis, and shared in decisions about the education of their 2 sons. She was allowed to live in Switzerland, and had a small household… She continued to enjoy taking an interest in the arts... and some of her music became famous, including the song “Partant pour La Syrie”. She had many friends and although she missed her French life, she was busy and fulfilled… Her sons were partly educated in Italy and became ardent supporters of Italian independence. They took part in the various revolutionary societies and uprisings that sprang up in the 1820s and 30s.
She encouraged her sons to marry; Napoleon Louis married his cousin Charlotte, Joseph Bonaparte's child. Louis Napoleon travelled to England and America…but Napoleon Louis died of measles leaving no children of his marriage. Louis Napoleon did not marry till after he became Emperor, but he had many mistresses.
Hortense’s health declined and she died in 1837, in her 50s. She had managed to lead a
comfortable life, after the fall of the Empire, and to bring up her sons to carry on the Bonaparte name and legend... And eventually her third son would become the Emperor of France…
Thursday, 28 June 2018
Hortense De Beauharnais Part II
Hortense did not want to go to Holland, with Louis, but her stepfather insisted. She was happier there than she expected but her husband’s difficult personality made life impossible for her. Their first son Napoleon Charles died of a childhood illness. Her third son Louis Napoleon would later become Napoleon III.
Hortense was popular in Holland, but she managed to get away back to Paris, after her son’s death. She loved Paris and enjoyed artistic pursuits such as painting and music. In 1810, her mother was divorced by Napoleon who then married Marie Louise of Austria. Hortense remained loyal to him and part of the court.. Eugene also remained loyal to his stepfather, though he knew that the divorce was very painful for his mother. Both of his step children were closer to him than his difficult and rebellious siblings. Then Louis was removed from the Dutch throne and Hortense was able to return to life in France, separated from her husband. She was one of the godmothers of Napoleon’s legitimate son, the King of Rome... but by the time of his baptism, she had been having an affair with a man she loved, Charles de Flahaut... and was pregnant by him.
She retired from court for a time, on the excuse of ill health and went to Switzerland, and there
secretly had her son…Charles Auguste Du Morny. The child was reared by his paternal grandmother Adelaide de Flahaut
Tuesday, 26 June 2018
Hortense de Beauharnais Part I
Hortense de Beauharnais was the step daughter of Napoleon I, an interesting figure in French society history. Her father was Alexandre De Beauharnais, a French aristocrat who supported the ideals of the French Revolution. Her mother was Josephine Tascher de la Pagerie, a Creole aristocrat from Martinique. Josephine came from her island home, to France as a teenager, to marry Alexandre. She was not educated or sophisticated at the time and he found his new bride gauche and uninteresting... and soon neglected her for mistresses. The marriage proved unhappy. They had one son Eugene, and then in 1783, Hortense was born.
Josephine was then called Rose, and she did learn about society and became more stylish and sophisticated. She was not a beauty, but she was an elegant dresser and a pleasant and charming woman. Alexandre accused her, probably unfairly, of infidelity and was generally unkind to her. He never gave her credit for transforming herself from provincial schoolgirl to an elegant Parisienne...When they separated, he had custody of their son Eugene and Josephine had the care of Hortense. During the Revolution, both of them adopted Revolutionary principles but Alexandre was executed, during the Terror. Rose was imprisoned but the Terror ended just in time to save her life.
Afterwards, she became a well-known figure in the society of the Directorate. She didn’t have much money and had her 2 children to support, so she acted as hostess and mistress to Paul Barras, a prominent figure in the Directorate. Hortense went to school at Mme Campan’s a famous school for girls of the “new” upper class… and received a good education. She was clever and pretty... and enjoyed writing music. Another pupil at the school was Caroline Bonaparte, Napoleon’s youngest sister. Hortense was not happy when her mother met the young General Bonaparte, and became his mistress and then agreed to marry him, but she grew to love and admire her stepfather.
On leaving school, Napoleon wanted her to marry his younger brother Louis... who was a hypochondriac and a neurotic difficult young man. Hortense was in love with Duroc, one of her stepfather’s aides. However, she was persuaded by her mother to choose Louis. Josephine was worrying because she had not managed to give her second husband a son, and feared that he might abandon her, for a wife who could do so.
Selfishly, she put pressure on her daughter and Hortense, loving her mother, agreed. The marriage soon became miserable. Louis was arrogant and difficult. He was jealous of his wife. And he was also at odds with his brother. He didn’t like the fact that he owed his career advancement to his ambitious and clever brother. And when he was appointed King of Holland, he wanted to be independent of Napoleon’s influence. His sons by Hortense were heirs presumptive to Napoleon’s honours and titles, since the emperor had no children and Joseph, his elder brother had only daughters.
Monday, 28 May 2018
Bobbie Gentry (1944- )
Bobbie Gentry was born in 1944, in Mississippi, as Roberta Streeter... She won fame in the country genre, as one of the first women to write much of her own material…It was a step forward for
a woman to be a song writer… She was raised on her grandparents’ farm in Chickasaw county, after her parents got divorced.
At 13 she moved to live with her mother in California. But she returned to her country Southern roots. In 1960, she graduated High school and began to sing in small country clubs. She went to university and found temporary clerical jobs, but her heart was in singing and song writing. She was a very lovely girl, who also found some work as a model. This helped her eke out a living..She used the stage name Gentry, from a film called Ruby Gentry…
In 1967, she wrote her most famous song, “Ode to Billy Joe”, which is a Southern Gothic tale about a girl mourning the death of Billy Joe McAllister. A boy who “jumped off the Tallahatchie Bridge”. The song is a mystery... we never know why Billy committed suicide, or what he and the girl were doing. It’s about grief and non-communication. It was a chart-topper, but her second album didn’t do so well. However in the late 60’s she had success in the UK and had a TV show. She also performed in Las Vegas… In the 70s, Max Baer directed a film based on Ode to Billy Joe. However in the later 70s, after a successful career and 3 short lived marriages, Bobbie decided to retire from
performing. She has business interests, but now lives a private life in Memphis…
Monday, 7 May 2018
Story on Amazon
Beds and Blue Jeans –a realistic romance about a young man and woman who find they have to get to know each other, after they have got together. They come to learn that love is about learning to compromise, working out the best way to do things and growing to love each other.
Friday, 27 April 2018
Elvis Presley King of Rock and Roll
Elvis was born in Tupelo Mississippi, in 1935. He was from a poor family and he was the only surviving child, as his twin brother Jesse Garon, had been stillborn. Elvis was a shy gentle boy, who had a sweet singing voice but he didn’t have confidence to sing in public, in his younger days. He was devoted to his Mother, Gladys who adored him, because he was her only child. He was laughed at when in school because of his fondness for “hillbilly” music... But he loved country music.
After leaving school he got a job as a truck driver. By then the family were living in Memphis Tennessee, where Sam Phillips had his Sun Records studio. Elvis made a demo record, at Sun, just to see what he sounded like as a singer…and to give a present to his Mother. He attracted the attention of Sam Phillips who was trying to fuse “hillbilly” or country music, with Rhythm and blues - which was called at the time “race music”. It was more “up-tempo” and “rocky” than country and was called Rockabilly… When Elvis began to work for him, Sam believed that he had found exactly what he was looking for, a white boy who had the sort of voice and sound that would appeal to the white and African American markets. One of his first recordings was “That’s Alright Mama” by Arthur Crudup, which was perceived by country DJ’s as “black”, and some of them wouldn’t play it, and as “white and country” by Rhythm and Blues DJ’s.
Phillips also signed Johnny Cash with his band, the Tennessee Two….who also played the rockabilly sound. Elvis was nicknamed the “Hillbilly Cat” and sang country and rockabilly, often on the same bill as Johnny….The two young men were friends- close in age and both from rural and impoverished backgrounds. Johnny used to do a jokey Elvis impression, in his concerts, combing his hair, affecting a sneer and sometimes breaking a guitar.
Elvis was incredibly successful, and had a movie career but he never was happy with his acting. He knew the movies he made were silly and not any good.
Saturday, 21 April 2018
Frank Sinatra Part II
Frank, who had not been accepted for military service because of a cracked eardrum, (classed as 4F)… was beginning to find his career going downhill. His massive popularity had begun to fade and his fans were getting older. His movie career had been very successful but he was usually cast as a “shy afraid of girls” kind of young man” and now he was getting rather too old for this. He wanted to do something more substantial than light musicals.
He also was involved in an affair with Ava Gardner, which impinged on his popularity. He had been married for a long time to Nancy Barbato, his childhood sweetheart, and was devoted to their
children, but he was always a womaniser. He was idolised by young girls, during the early years of his singing career and he took full advantage of the opportunities.
But he fell deeply in love with Ava, and she with him, though she was a very independent woman. Frank adored her and was willing to leave his wife and children for her. His marital difficulties caused many of his fans to turn against him, because he was seen as deserting a devoted wife, and his kids - for a home wrecker. He hoped to revive his movie career by getting a serious acting part. He was eager to play the character Maggio, in the upcoming adaptation of “From Here to Eternity” by James Jones.
He fought hard to get the part and it is rumoured that he only got a try out for it, because of Ava Gardner's influence in the movie business. Yet when he got the role, he showed that he could act.. and won an Academy Award. He began to get more solid acting roles.
Sunday, 15 April 2018
Frank Sinatra Part I early days
My favourite musical types are country and “musicals music”… and I’ve loved both since I was a kid. I have blogged about favourite country singers, who sometimes slip into the rockabilly or the Southern Rock Genre.
I haven’t written about my favourite popular singers, as yet. And the best of them all, in my opinion, is Francis Albert Sinatra.. the Chairman of the Board. Frank wasn’t just a great singer; he was a fine actor, a shrewd businessman... and a philanthropist. He was a family man who liked to womanize, and drink….
He was involved with politics much of his life, but was criticised for being overly close with the Mafia. He was born in a poor neighborhood in Hoboken New Jersey in 1915... His mother, a midwife, was the dominant figure in his early life….
She worked hard to earn a living, and his father was a boxer….Frank loved music, especially jazz and as a boy, he loved to sing. He didn’t do that well at school, because he was focused on singing. In 1938 and 39, he began to get jobs in the music business, as a singing waiter, and on a radio show. In 1940, he got a contract as lead singer with the Tommy Dorsey band. His voice was sweet and beautiful, and he improved his range by taking singing lessons. But he began to feel that he had to get out of the Dorsey contract, which gave Tommy a hefty amount of his earnings...43%. He managed to get out of the contract, though at the price of a bitter row with his mentor.
There were rumours that his Mafia connexions had used threats, to help get him out....(The incident has been mentioned in Mario Puzo's Godfather. The Godfather threatens the man to whom Johnny Fontane is contracted, with a gun.. to frighten him into letting Fontane out of the contract. Famously, he "told him that either his brains or his signature" would be on the release document).
Over those years, Frank's career took off, he had built up a following among young girls, who adored his voice and were attracted by him. His crooning style, the love songs he sang, all added to his insane popularity, and he was rivaling the famous Bing Crosby…
Tuesday, 10 April 2018
Mario Puzo
Mario Puzo was born in “Hell’s Kitchen”, a very poor district of New York in 1920. His family were poor Italian immigrants. There were several children and his father abandoned the family when he was 12. The person, who worked to bring him up and keep the family together in those very hard times, was his Italian mother. Some of her qualities, he gives to the Don Vito Corleone, in “The
Godfather”. In the book he is dismissive of women’s abilities. Don Vito’s wife, Mama Corleone, is shown as shrewd but uneducated, and a good mother. We never even learn her name. It is her husband who manages the family and who used his strength to raise them from poverty. He thinks that women will be “saints in heaven” but are not very competent in this world’s affairs.
Mario went to college and served in World War II, but he was not able for combat duty because of poor eyesight. Instead, he worked as a public relations officer for the army and was in Germany in the post war years. He married a German lady, Erika. After his army service, he worked in a Government office, and had a family to provide for. He began to write for magazines, writing
action adventure stories. He wanted to write but he also wanted to make money. He had 5 children to support. So he wanted his novels to be best sellers. However it was not until his novel “The
Godfather” came out in 1969 that he achieved a big success.
He didn’t know much about the MAFIA. In his boyhood, he had only encountered very low level “organised crime” but in his days in pulp journalism he heard stories about those higher up in
the organisations. He researched and used his knowledge of Italy and the Italian experience of America, and his memories of his mother struggling to keep her family together. He understood the idea that there was no point in relying on the state or other people, that it was up to families to
look after and protect each other. The Don loses his father as a boy, just as Puzo did, and he had to go to America and become a man. Over time, he built up his empire, based on protection rackets, crime, running gambling and later provision of liquor. His cover was a business importing Olive Oil from Italy.
Puzo’s book became a best seller, perhaps because it referred to old fashioned values, even though the family which professed them was a crime family. America was traumatised by the social changes and revolutions of the 1960s and the Vietnam War. The Corleones are very much a family, at times quarrelsome and at odds with each other, faulty and confused, but still a loving family. The book has been accused of glamourizing and excusing crime and criminals, which is a fair point. The Don is seen as a clever man, and a “moral" man, who does not like prostitution, and who won’t get involved with selling drugs. Puzo was not a great writer - but he was a storyteller… He had the quality which often carries a not very good novel forward…he satisfied the desire to “know what happens next…” However, when Coppolla turned it into a film, he simplified it and cut out side stories such as the story of Johnny Fontane... a big time singer and actor in Hollywood.(probably based on Frank Sinatra)…or the drawn out story of Sonny’s mistress Lucy. This improved the story, concentrating on the Corleone family and the rise of Michael as Don… and cutting out the weaker bits. Together with beautiful photography, a good script, and excellent actors, the changes made for the Godfather film to be one of the greatest in American film history. Puzo’s novel made him a fortune and he also wrote other “Mafia” novels afterwards.
He died in 1999…..
Sunday, 8 April 2018
Catherine of Braganza and Charles
Charles had several illegitimate children, and was fertile. Catherine seemed to be unable to produce an heir. She had at least 3 miscarriages and it became clear that she was not likely to provide a son. She gradually came to accept her husband’s infidelities with something like composure, and joined in some of the milder diversions of the court. She is said to have popularised drinking of tea…
She was very devout, which pleased Charles, as he was sympathetic to the Catholic faith. He knew that many of his courtiers were wishing for him to divorce Catherine and find a wife who could give him a Protestant heir. He refused, saying that his wife had done nothing wrong and he would not abandon her. His Reign was not that successful.
There were several disasters such as the Wars with the Dutch, the Great Fire of London and the Plague. But Charles managed Parliament much better than his father had done, though he was also naturally autocratic and a believer that Kings had the right to rule… He was much shrewder than his father and brother and was able to deal with Parliament. Yet, his big problem as King was the
hostility towards Catholicism which was seen as foreign and tyrannical… and the lack of an heir. This meant that James, his brother and a much more devout Catholic, was now his heir.
Saturday, 7 April 2018
Catherine of Braganza Part I
Catherine of Braganza is something of a forgotten queen...Her husband Charles II was much preoccupied with his mistresses and she had no children. She was born in 1638 to John Duke of Braganza who became King of Portugal... during her childhood. Her mother, Queen Luisa was the power behind the throne and she reared her daughter strictly, keeping her in a convent. She had a happy and secure childhood but her conventual upbringing meant she was rather too sheltered.
In 1661, after Charles II had returned to the British throne, the marriage was agreed… and England was to secure Tangier. In return, the British were to provide military support for Portugal. Catherine who was a devout Catholic would have liberty to worship as she chose.
However, her Catholicism was to be a factor in making her not very popular in England. At the time, Catholics were feared and hated. Charles’s chief mistress was the selfish and arrogant Barbara Palmer. Although Charles insisted that his wife was to be treated with respect, Barbara was too thoughtless to do this consistently. Catherine tried to refuse to have his mistres as one of her ladies, but Charles firmly, even harshly insisted on her having Barbara at court.. He dismissed her Portuguese attendants, who were prudish and old-fashioned and who attracted derision at court. Charles has a reputation of being a “merry Monarch” but he had a darker side and was capable of being harsh at times.
Catherine was not prepared for the English court. She fell in love with Charles and found it hard to share him with mistresses. He was determined not to let his wife rule him nor to give up his pleasures. However he was loyal to his wife, and as time passed, he continued to show her tolerant affection, and respect. He felt it was not her fault that she failed to produce children - which was the main aim of a royal marriage.
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