Ellis Peters Part I

Ellis Peters is the pen name of the author Edith Pargeter, who created the Cadfael novels. They are set in Wales and England, in the time of the Civil War between King Stephen and the Empress Matilda… She was born in Shropshire in 1913, and was the daughter of a clerk in a local business. She had a good education in a Church of England school. She was not well off enough to attend a university but she was a keen learner and taught herself. She wanted to be a writer, but took a job before the war as a chemist's assistant. This gave her knowledge about medicines and poisons. During World War Two, she went into the WRENS and worked as an administrative officer, reaching the rank of Petty Officer. She continued to write often under pseudonyms, and after the war she dedicated herself to full time writing. She became an expert on medieval history and wrote historical romances and detective fiction. I've read a few, including "The Marriage of Meggota". She was of Welsh ancestry and chose to set her most famous mysteries in the borderlands of Wales and England, in the time of the Anarchy, the war between Stephen and Matilda. It was a violent time, and the monastery where Cadfael works is a haven for orphans and the sick. Cadfael investigates crimes, because as the monastery herbalist, he has a knowledge of drugs and poisons.

Charlotte Bronte Next Part

After a brief period at Miss Wooler's, Charlotte took on several jobs as governess. But she did not enjoy governess work. Although she was not so reclusive as Emily, she was shy and did not like being away from home. She was also proud and touchy, and not good with children. She was very conscious of her status as a “lady”, since she was a clergyman’s daughter. So she felt uneasy in the houses of the rich. She suffered a good deal as did many governesses, because she was above the servants in status, but not equal to the family. Charlotte resented the snubs from nouveau riche employers and longed to be at home in Haworth and free to write. By the age of 26, she began to plan for a new kind of life. Since there were few options for genteel girls, other than teaching, one of the best ways of becoming a teacher would be to own one’s own school. She persuaded her Aunt Branwell to lend her and Emily money, so that they could study abroad. She wanted to learn languages so as to have a speciality to offer her pupils. Miss Branwell had a small fortune which she intended to leave to her nieces. She was willing to help the girls go abroad to a school in Belgium. It wasn’t easy for girls to have adventures in Victorian England, but it was an adventure for Charlotte to travel to a foreign country and study there. Emily cared less about real life than her sisters did, and sought her own adventures in her mind. She wrote about wars and loves in her stories but essentially her mind was grounded in Yorkshire. She was only really happy with the life she led there. She did not want to go to Belgium but she agreed to go with Charlotte. The sisters chose Belgium because Charlotte’s friends, the Taylor sisters were studying there. The Pension Heger was a good school. The girls were not ill treated or half starved as they had been in England… but there was a lack of privacy. They felt ill at ease among so many foreign girls. Both found it hard to command the girls, but they managed to subdue their classes and do some teaching.. in return for learning French. At first, Charlotte enjoyed the change, throwing herself into her work and studies and visiting friends among the English community. Emily worked hard, but she disliked the place more than her older sister did. She refused to mix with the English residents. Some of their lessons were taught by Constantin Heger, the husband of the School’s owner Madame Heger. He was a magnetic intelligent man who enjoyed teaching… and was an excellent instructor for Charlotte.. but he and Emily did not get on so well. Neither Charlotte nor Emily liked the Catholic atmosphere and they disliked the way order was kept. They felt that Madame Heger was spying on her pupils. In spite of the regime’s being gentler than a lot of English schools, it seemed unEnglish to them. Still, Charlotte's time in Brussels gave her more education and also provided her with experiences that she worked into her writing. Villette was a fictionalized version of her life in Belgium.. and her love for M Heger. She had enjoyed her early months there mixing with her friends in the English community and learning.. But she fell in love with Heger, and this was a tragic event that damaged her peace of mind. She was a naive young woman and did not realize that her feelings for her teacher were changing from friendship to love.. She and Emily had to go home for a time, due to the death of Aunt Branwell. Emily had hated being away from home so she decided not to return.. Mme Heger invited Charlotte back but when she returned, Madame, an experienced woman, realized that her teacher had now fallen innocently in love with M Heger....So she began to treat Charlotte as a stranger. Charlotte was horrifed when she realised why Mme Heger was being so cool with her. After a few bitterly unhappy months, she left the school and went back home to Yorkshire...

Charlotte Bronte Biography Part I

Charlotte was born in Yorkshire in 1816, to Patrick Bronte, from Northern Ireland, and Maria Branwell, who was from Cornwall. She went to a school where the girls were ill treated and half starved, and her older sisters Maria and Elizabeth died. Patrick brought her and Emily home. In 1831, she went to school again, to Miss Wooler's school where she was quite happy. She made 2 good friends at the, Ellen Nussey, a quiet conventional ladylike girl and Mary Taylor who was a much more interesting radical minded girl. Mary left England later, to go to New Zealand. Charlotte was the only Bronte girl to make any friends at school. After completing her education Charlotte took a job as a teacher at Miss Wooler’s school, but she didn’t enjoy being a teacher. Her passion was for writing.

Lady Gregory part I

Augusta, Lady Gregory was a key figure in Irish cultural nationalism and the development of the Abbey Theatre in Ireland. She was a member of the Anglo Irish upper class but she turned to supporting the Nationalist movement. She was born Isabella Augusta Persse in in 1852 in Galway and was brought up there in an aristocratic family. Her childhood nanny was an Irish Catholic who taught her about Irish history and folklore. She had a good home education… and was an intelligent girl. She married comparatively late, at the age of 28. Her husband, Sir William Gregory was much older than her, but he was a well educated man who had been Governor of Ceylon, and had also been a member of Parliament. He was interested in writing. He had a house in London and the couple enjoyed living there and playing host to many literary figures. They also had an estate in Ireland, Coole Park in Galway and they travelled abroad frequently. They had one son, Robert who later became a pilot in World War I. Augusta was fond of her husband and was no doubt glad to have found a man who shared her intellectual interests. But he was much older than her and during her travels abroad she had an affair with the poet Wilfred Blunt….She wrote love poems to him, and began to take an interest in nationalist movements. She kept a journal and began to hone her writing skills. Wilfred Blunt was a supporter of Arab nationalism.. Augusta was still like most of her class, against the idea of Irish independence and wrote a pamphlet against Home Rule…

Jane Seymour final Part

Jane was betrothed to Henry the day after Anne’s execution and married him 10 days later. Her time as queen was limited. She seems to have been concerned to lead a different sort of life to Anne, and to show that she was not similar to Henry’s turbulent second wife. She dressed well but many still considered her plain. Her ladies in waiting and her court were pretty much free of scandal. There was an end to gaiety in the queen’s chamber. She was an obedient wife to Henry and rarely challenged him. Her brothers were interested in the Protestant religion but she remained a conventional Catholic. She was not happy with Henry’s policies about getting rid of the monasteries.. but she did not protest too much. She persuaded Henry to reconcile with Mary. Mary came to court and agreed that her mother’s marriage to Henry had not been legal and that she was not legitimate. Jane became pregnant and Henry was delighted. He was sure this child would be a boy. In October 1537, Jane gave birth to a son but she died a few days later possibly from fever. Her life and reign as queen had been short and she still come across as a shadowy figure, who seems to have had little in the way of opinions or personality, unlike most of Henry's queens..However having given Henry a son she was his favourite wife and he chose to be buried next to her…

Parke Godwin Arthurian writer

Parke Godwin was an American writer, who was one of the first to write about Arthurian themes. He was born in New York city in 1929 and was the grandson of a well known journalist. He worked in several jobs -including acting and working in advertising. But he wanted to write and was a prolific writer of Science Fiction. In 1980, he published his first Arthurian novel Firelord, which is a realistic re telling of the Arthur story. He was knowledgeable about Dark Ages history and portrayed Arthur as a soldier, and an active ruler. After Firelord, he wrote a second novel about Guenevere, set in the Saxon England that came after Arthur’s defeat and death. Guenevere becomes a servant in a Saxon household and learns more about ordinary people. In Firelord, Morgana who is usually portrayed as an evil character and Arthur’s half sister, is a more sympathetic person, who is Arthur’s first wife and a leader of the wild “faery” Prydn people… who lead a nomadic life. Guenevere is from an aristocratic background and cannot understand Morgana…. Godwin also works the Tristan and Isolde story into the book and gives a sympathetic slant on Guenevere’s affair with Lancelot. Godwin died in 2013, in California.

Jane Seymour Part II

It's hard to get a picture of Jane’s personality. There are no letters from Henry to her, and her reign as queen was very short. She caused no scandals, and died when her child was a newborn. She engaged in flirtation with Henry, which infuriated Anne Boleyn. Anne was afraid that having lost her baby in January, Henry was angry that she had again failed to provide him with an heir. Katherine had died in January so if he were to end his marriage to Anne, people would not say that he had to return to his first wife. There are stories of Anne berating Jane for accepting a present of a locket. Also, Henry is supposed to have told his angry wife that she should shut her eyes to his mistresses, as Katherine had done. Anne herself was behaving eccentrically in the months after her miscarriage… She flirted with the young men of her circle, encouraging them to declare their love for her… Her marriage to Henry was under strain and this was playing with fire. There was a convention of “courtly love”, where young men professed admiration for the queen, but Anne did not seem to be able to keep the flirting at a sensible level. She encouraged it and then became frightened. She found that Mark Smeaton, one of her musicians, was also “sighing for love of her”. She told him that she could not speak to him as to one of the court gentlemen, as he was an inferior person. But her conduct did give a wrong impression. Jane may have believed that Anne was guilty of adultery.